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1.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 99(5): 997-1007, nov. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-656637

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: A dislipidemia secundária à terapia antirretroviral potente nos pacientes com HIV está associada à significativa elevação da morbimortalidade cardiovascular por doença aterosclerótica, sendo, portanto, necessário tratamento imediato e eficaz. OBJETIVO: Demonstrar a efetividade e a segurança da rosuvastatina e do ciprofibrato no tratamento da dislipidemia associada à terapia antirretroviral potente em pacientes com HIV. MÉTODOS: Trezentos e quarenta e seis pacientes com dislipidemia foram submetidos a tratamento farmacológico: 200 pacientes com hipertrigliceridemia receberam ciprofibrato (Grupo I); 79 pacientes com hipercolesterolemia receberam rosuvastatina (Grupo II); e 67 pacientes com dislipidemia mista receberam ciprofibrato associado a rosuvastatina (Grupo III). O perfil lipídico foi avaliado antes e após o tratamento hipolipemiante, sendo feita comparação estatística pelo teste de Wilcoxon. Transaminases hepáticas e creatinofosfoquinase foram dosadas para controle de toxicidade hepática e muscular. RESULTADOS: As concentrações séricas de triglicérides e de colesterol total foram significativamente menores do que as obtidas antes do tratamento, para os três grupos experimentais (p < 0,002). Observou-se aumento significativo do HDL colesterol nos grupos experimentais I e III (p < 0,002). Nos grupos I e II, o LDL-colesterol foi significativamente menor (p < 0,001). Nenhum dos pacientes apresentou elevações de transaminases ou de creatinofosfoquinase a níveis de toxicidade significativa. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que ciprofibrato, rosuvastatina ou a combinação de ambos pode ser considerada tratamento hipolipemiante efetivo, seguro e com boa tolerância nos pacientes com Aids submetidos à terapia antirretroviral potente.


BACKGROUND: Dyslipidemia secondary to highly active antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV is associated with a significant increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality due to atherosclerotic disease, requiring, thus, immediate and effective treatment. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of rosuvastatin and ciprofibrate in the treatment of dyslipidemia associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV. METHODS: Three hundred and forty-six patients with dyslipidemia underwent pharmacological treatment as follows: 200 patients with hypertriglyceridemia received ciprofibrate (Group I); 79 patients with hypercholesterolemia received rosuvastatin (Group II); and 67 patients with mixed dyslipidemia received ciprofibrate associated with rosuvastatin (Group III). The lipid profile was assessed before and after the lipid-lowering treatment, and the Wilcoxon test was used for statistical comparison. Liver transaminases and creatine phosphokinase were measured to assess liver and muscle toxicity. RESULTS: The serum concentrations of triglycerides and total cholesterol were significantly lower than those obtained before the lipid-lowering treatment in the three experimental groups (p < 0.002). A significant increase in HDL-cholesterol was observed in Groups I and III (p < 0.002). In Groups I and II, LDL-cholesterol was significantly lower (p < 0.001). None of the patients experienced elevations in transaminases or creatine phosphokinase to significantly toxic levels. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that ciprofibrate and rosuvastatin or a combination of both can be considered an effective, safe and well-tolerated lipid-lowering treatment for patients with AIDS on highly active antiretroviral therapy.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/adverse effects , Dyslipidemias/drug therapy , Fibric Acids/therapeutic use , Fluorobenzenes/therapeutic use , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Hypolipidemic Agents/therapeutic use , Pyrimidines/therapeutic use , Sulfonamides/therapeutic use , Cardiovascular Diseases/chemically induced , Cholesterol/blood , Dyslipidemias/chemically induced , Risk Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Treatment Outcome , Triglycerides/blood
2.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 7(3): 153-160, maio-jun. 2009. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-518171

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A terapia antirretroviral potente (HAART) nos pacientes com síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (SIDA), está associada à alterações metabólicas como dislipidemia, resistência insulínica, diabetes e obesidade visceral, fatores de risco relacionados à aterosclerose precoce. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o incremento do risco cardiovascular estimado pelo escore de Framingham pré e pós-HAART, assim como a influência do tempo de tratamento, da idade, do sexo, da raça e da presença de lipodistrofia. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 359 pacientes, através de dados secundários dos prontuários do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) e do Centro de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias do município de Campo Grande - MS, referentes às variáveis sócio-demográficas, esquema terapêutico, tempo de tratamento e exames realizados. Para comparar as diferentes classes de antirretrovirais os pacientes foram distribuídos em quatro grupos: Grupo I igual zidovudina, lamivudinae inibidor da protease; Grupo II igual zidovudina, lamivudina e efavirenz ou nevirapina; Grupo III igual estavudina, lamivudina e efavirenz ou nevirapina e Grupo IV igual estavudina, lamivudina e inibidor da protease. RESULTADOS: Os achados deste estudo mostraram uma elevação de 1,85% no escore de Framingham. Doença arterial coronária foi diagnosticada em 13 pacientes. O risco foi mais significativo nos pacientes com idade entre 60 e 74 anos, no sexo masculino e nos pacientes com lipodistrofia. Diferença estatisticamente significativa não foi observada em relação ao tempo de exposição à medicação e à raça. O grupo IV apresentou maior incremento no risco cardiovascular quando comparado ao grupo II. CONCLUSÃO: A utilização da terapia antirretroviral nos pacientes com SIDA está associada ao aumento do risco para doença aterosclerótica coronária.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is associated with metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, visceral obesity and diabetes, risk factors related to early atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the increase of the cardiac risk estimated to the Framingham's score before and after HAART, as well as the influence of the time of treatment, age, sex, race and presence of lipodystropy. METHOD: 359 patients were evaluated through the secondary data of handbooks of the University Hospital of Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) and Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of the city of Campo Grande - MS, concerning to the socio-demographic variables, treatment schedule, duration of treatment and examinations. To compare the different antiretroviral classes the patients had been distributed in four groups: Group I equal zidovudine, lamivudine and protease inhibitor; Group II equal zidovudine, lamivudine and efavirenz or nevirapine; Group III equal stavudine, lamivudine and efavirenz or nevirapine; and Group IV equal stavudine, lamivudine and protease inhibitor. RESULTS: The findings of this study had shown increase of 1.85% in Framingham's score, coronary artery disease was diagnosed in 13 patients. The risk was more significant in the age group from 60 to 74 years, in men and in patients with lipodistrophy. No statistically significant difference was observed in the time of exposure to medication and the race. Group IV presented higher increase in cardiovascular risk when compared to the Group II. CONCLUSION: The use of antiretroviral therapy in AIDS patients is associated with increased risk for coronary atherosclerotic disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Coronary Artery Disease , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/therapy
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